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Synopsis

Human Anatomy, Physiology and Pathophysiology (Theory) is a fundamental subject in the Bachelor of Pharmacy (B.Pharm) programme, providing students with essential knowledge of the structure and functions of the human body, together with an understanding of the mechanisms underlying various diseases. This book has been designed in accordance with the Pharmacy Council of India (PCI) prescribed syllabus for B.Pharm First Semester, BP104T, aligned with the National Education Policy (NEP) 2020 framework. The human body is a highly organized and integrated biological system in which different organs and organ systems work together to maintain normal physiological functions and homeostasis. A comprehensive understanding of anatomy and physiology forms the foundation for studying pharmacology, pharmaceutics, medicinal chemistry, pharmacotherapeutics, and other pharmaceutical sciences. Furthermore, knowledge of pathophysiology enables pharmacy students to understand the alterations occurring in normal body functions during disease conditions and provides a scientific basis for rational drug therapy and patient care.

This textbook has been systematically organized to facilitate conceptual learning and provide comprehensive coverage of the prescribed syllabus. It includes detailed discussions of the major human organ systems, including the skeletal, muscular, nervous, cardiovascular, respiratory, digestive, urinary, reproductive, endocrine, and other important systems. The pathophysiological aspects of selected disorders have also been incorporated to establish a clear relationship between normal physiological processes and disease conditions. Special emphasis has been placed on simple, clear, and student-friendly language, supported by appropriate headings, illustrations, tables, flowcharts, and relevant examples wherever necessary. The presentation aims to simplify complex biological concepts and encourage students to develop a strong conceptual understanding rather than relying solely on memorization. The contents are structured to support classroom teaching, independent learning, examination preparation, and the development of professional competencies expected from future pharmacists.

In accordance with the educational objectives of NEP 2020, this book also emphasizes outcome-based learning, interdisciplinary understanding, critical thinking, and the practical application of theoretical knowledge in pharmaceutical and healthcare settings. It is intended to help students appreciate the importance of human anatomy, physiology, and pathophysiology in understanding drug actions, disease progression, therapeutic interventions, and patient-centered healthcare. We sincerely hope that this textbook will serve as a valuable academic resource for B.Pharm students, pharmacy educators, and other healthcare learners. We acknowledge the contributions of all individuals who have supported the development of this work and welcome constructive suggestions from readers and academicians for its continuous improvement.